The medina of Essaouira (Mogador)

Essaouira is a city rich in history that offers visitors a variety of cultural wonders. The medina, located on the Atlantic coast, is an architectural gem not to be missed. It is characterised by its peaceful atmosphere and labyrinthine streets that are a world away from the hustle and bustle of the big cities. In this article, we will explore the hidden secrets and unforgettable experiences you can discover when visiting the medina of Essaouira.

History of the old medina of Essaouira (Mogador)

The medina of Essaouira (Mogador), located on the Atlantic coast of Morocco, is an ancient port city with a rich history. Built in the 18th century by the Saadians, it was occupied by successive dynasties until it was taken by the Portuguese in 1506. The Portuguese then retained the city and built a fort, the ruins of which can still be seen today.

Over the following centuries, Essaouira underwent many political and cultural upheavals. In 1844, Sultan Moulay Abderrahman undertook to rebuild the medina after its capture by the French. He called on European architects to create an innovative urban plan that included narrow, winding streets, strong walls and remarkable religious monuments.

These changes have given the medina its unique characteristic that is characteristic of it today. The architecture of the medina reflects Essaouira’s cosmopolitan past. Much of the city is built of white stone, which gives it a unique and distinct look. The outer walls are adorned with round and square towers and the inner streets are lined with flat-roofed houses in typical Andalusian style. The baroque mosques are also notable, including the Great Mosque in the city’s main square.

In the same year that Moulay Abderrahman rebuilt the medina, he established the city’s port. Thanks to its strategic location on the Atlantic, the port quickly became one of the most important in Morocco and contributed to its commercial prosperity. When the railway arrived in the 1880s, Essaouira developed even more rapidly and became the main commercial centre of western Morocco. During the 1950s and 1960s, the city began to attract artists and musicians from all over the world who made Essaouira a unique place for arts and culture.

This new artistic influence allowed the local people to retain their cultural identity while looking to the future. Even today, Essaouira is considered a cultural jewel of Morocco where one can find a variety of artists exhibiting their work and performing their music throughout the year.

What to do in the medina of Essaouira?

The charm and magical atmosphere of the medina of Essaouira make it a must-see during your trip to Morocco. The ancient medina dates back to the 18th century and offers many attractions and activities to do that will delight young and old alike.

As you stroll through the narrow, winding streets of the medina, you will be able to admire the beautiful white buildings, the magnificent arched doorways, and the local craftsmen working with wood, leather and pottery.

You will also have the opportunity to try some local products such as honey, spices or tea. In the medina of Essaouira, it is easy to find typical souvenirs that you can bring back to your family and friends. If you want to discover the local culture, don’t hesitate to visit the museums.

You will learn a lot about the rich history and culture of Morocco. You can also discover local art and learn how these artists have contributed to the creation of the Moroccan identity. Another interesting way to discover the medina is to take part in classes given by local craftsmen. You can learn how to make typical products such as Moroccan carpets, jewellery and leather goods. These courses are an excellent way to learn how these craftsmen pass on their know-how from generation to generation.

Finally, if you want to hear some unique and lively music, head to the fish market every evening where you can experience the intricate rhythms of Gnawa, a very popular musical style in Morocco.

You can also catch a performance at the local theatre, which offers original plays featuring talented actors using techniques such as improvisation and the traditional Moroccan mask.

With so many attractions and activities on offer in the ancient medina of Essaouira, it’s not hard to see why this fascinating place attracts thousands of visitors from all over the world every year.